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GPR27

Family: Class A Orphans

Contents:
Gene and Protein Information
Previous and Unofficial Names
Database Links
Transduction Mechanisms
Tissue Distribution
Expression Datasets
Physiological Consequences of Altering Gene Expression
Clinically-Relevant Mutations and Pathophysiology
General Comments
References
Gene and Protein Information
class A G protein-coupled receptor
Species TM AA Chromosomal Location Gene Symbol Gene Name Reference
Human 7 375 3p21-p14 GPR27 G protein-coupled receptor 27 3-4
Mouse 7 379 6 E1 Gpr27 G protein-coupled receptor 27
Rat 7 377 4q34 Gpr27 G protein-coupled receptor 27
Previous and Unofficial Names
SREB1
super conserved receptor expressed in brain 1
super-conserved receptor expressed in brain 1
GPR27
G-protein coupled receptor 27
probable G-protein coupled receptor 27
G protein-coupled receptor 27
Database Links
Ensembl ENSG00000170837 (Hs), ENSMUSG00000072875 (Mm), ENSRNOG00000010880 (Rn)
Entrez Gene 2850 (Hs), 14761 (Mm), 65275 (Rn)
GeneCards GPR27 (Hs)
GenitoUrinary Development Molecular Anatomy Project Gpr27 (Mm)
HomoloGene 7344 (Hs)
Human Protein Reference Database 05542 (Hs)
InterPro Q9NS67 (Hs), O54897 (Mm), Q9JJH3 (Rn)
KEGG Gene hsa:2850 (Hs), mmu:14761 (Mm), rno:65275 (Rn)
OMIM 605187 (Hs)
PharmGKB Gene PA28870 (Hs)
PhosphoSitePlus Q9NS67 (Hs), O54897 (Mm), Q9JJH3 (Rn)
Protein Ontology (PRO) PRO:000001642 (Hs)
RefSeq Nucleotide NM_018971 (Hs), NM_008158 (Mm), NM_023099 (Rn)
RefSeq Protein NP_061844 (Hs), NP_032184 (Mm), NP_075587 (Rn)
TreeFam ENSG00000170837 (Hs), ENSMUSG00000072875 (Mm), ENSRNOG00000010880 (Rn)
UniGene Hs. 591653 (Hs)
UniProt Q9NS67 (Hs), O54897 (Mm), Q9JJH3 (Rn)
Wikipedia GPR27
Orphan and other 7TM receptors
Primary Transduction Mechanisms
Transducer Effector/Response
Gq/G11 family Phospholipase C stimulation
Comments:  Alteration of gene expression affects stimulation of IP3 [1]
References: 
Tissue Distribution
Brain (caudate nucleus, putamen, hippocampus, subthalamic nucleus), ovary, testis, heart, prostate, pancreas, peripheral leukocytes
Species:  Human
Technique:  Northern Blot
References:  3
Whole brain, hippocampus, striatum, frontal cortex, thalamus, pons, hypothalamus
Species:  Rat
Technique:  Northern Blot
References:  4
Cerebral cortex (piriform cortex, anterior cingulate, frontoparietal, somatosensory areas); caudate putamen, nucleus accumbens; hypothalamic nuclei (suprachiasmatic, supraoptic, ventromedial, paraventricular, arcuate)
Species:  Rat
Technique:  in situ hybridisation
References:  4
Tissue Distribution Comments
GPR27 has been detected at higher levels in fetal brains than in adult brains, suggesting a role in neural plasticity. The receptor is highly conserved amongst mammals, with expression seen in grey matter areas of the monkey brain (hippocampal dentate gyrus and supraoptic nucleus of the hypothalamus) as demonstrated by in situ hybridisation [2].
Expression Datasets

Click here to show/hide data

Log average relative transcript abundance in mouse tissues measured by qPCR from Regard, J.B., Sato, I.T., and Coughlin, S.R. (2008). Anatomical profiling of G protein-coupled receptor expression. Cell, 135(3): 561-71. [PMID:18984166] [Raw data: website]

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Physiological Consequences of Altering Gene Expression
Knockdown of Gpr27 reduces endogenous mouse insulin promotor activity and glucose stimulated insulin secretion
Species:  Mouse
Tissue:  Pancreatic β cells
Technique:  RNA interference
References:  1
Overexpression of Gpr27 increases inositol trisphosphate levels with no effect on cAMP
Species:  Mouse
Tissue:  MIN6 cells
Technique:  Gene overexpression
References:  1
Clinically-Relevant Mutations and Pathophysiology
Comments:  GPR27 maps to a 15Mb constitutional de novo interstital deletion of chromosome 3 shown to cause developmental delay and congenital anomalies. Deletion is also seen along with FOXP1, EIF4E3 and PROK2 resulting in speech delay, contractures, hypertonia and blepharophimosis, although the physiological role (if any) of GPR27 is unknown.
References:  5-6
Mutations not determined
General Comments
GPR27 is entirely contained within a -1 overlapping, frameshifted ORF [7]
Available Assays
DiscoveRx PathHunter® CHO-K1 GPR27 (Orphan) High Expression β-Arrestin Cell Line Human Cat No. 93-0334C2A
DiscoveRx PathHunter® eXpress GPR27 CHO-K1 β-Arrestin (Orphan) GPCR Assay Human Cat No. 93-0334E2ACP1

REFERENCES

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1. Ku, GM; Pappalardo, Z; Luo, CC; German, MS; McManus, MT. (2012) An siRNA screen in pancreatic beta cells reveals a role for Gpr27 in insulin production. PLoS Genet., 8 (1): e1002449. [PMID:22253604]

2. Matsumoto, M; Beltaifa, S; Weickert, CS; Herman, MM; Hyde, TM; Saunders, RC; Lipska, BK; Weinberger, DR; Kleinman, JE. (2005) A conserved mRNA expression profile of SREB2 (GPR85) in adult human, monkey, and rat forebrain. Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res., 138 (1): 58-69. [PMID:15893849]

3. Matsumoto, M; Saito, T; Takasaki, J; Kamohara, M; Sugimoto, T; Kobayashi, M; Tadokoro, M; Matsumoto, S; Ohishi, T; Furuichi, K. (2000) An evolutionarily conserved G-protein coupled receptor family, SREB, expressed in the central nervous system. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 272 (2): 576-82. [PMID:10833454]

4. O'Dowd, B. F., Nguyen, T., Marchese, A., Cheng, R., Lynch, K. R., Heng, H. H., Kolakowski, L. F. and George, S. R. (1998) Discovery of three novel G-protein-coupled receptor genes. Genomics, 47: 310-313. [PMID:9479505]

5. Pariani, MJ; Spencer, A; Graham, JM; Rimoin, DL. (2009) A 785kb deletion of 3p14.1p13, including the FOXP1 gene, associated with speech delay, contractures, hypertonia and blepharophimosis. Eur J Med Genet, 52 (2-3): 123-7. [PMID:19332160]

6. Petek, E; Windpassinger, C; Simma, B; Mueller, T; Wagner, K; Kroisel, PM. (2003) Molecular characterisation of a 15 Mb constitutional de novo interstitial deletion of chromosome 3p in a boy with developmental delay and congenital anomalies. J. Hum. Genet., 48 (6): 283-7. [PMID:12836054]

7. Ribrioux, S; Brüngger, A; Baumgarten, B; Seuwen, K; John, MR. (2008) Bioinformatics prediction of overlapping frameshifted translation products in mammalian transcripts. BMC Genomics, 9: 122. [PMID:18325113]

To cite this database page, please use the following:

Amy E. Monaghan.
Class A Orphans: GPR27. Last modified on 05/10/2012. Accessed on 25/05/2013. IUPHAR database (IUPHAR-DB), http://iuphar-db.org/DATABASE/ObjectDisplayForward?objectId=97.


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